Ecuador faces its worst violence crisis in history and a referendum on the return of US bases.

The referendum comes nearly two years after President Daniel Noboa launched a major crackdown on criminal gangs involved in drug trafficking, extortion, and illegal mining. He launched the campaign amid escalating violence. Former President Rafael Correa expelled US troops in 2009 in protest against what he called a violation of national sovereignty.

Noboa confirmed that any future bases would not include the Galapagos Islands. However, he did not rule out establishing centers to combat illegal fishing or air border control bases in Manta. He is also considering joint security bases in Salinas in cooperation with the United States.

A recent Cidatus Institute poll indicates that the “yes” option in favor of bringing back US troops leads with 61%. This suggests a desire among voters to confront organized crime.

Ecuador is experiencing an unprecedented surge in violence. More than 4,600 homicides were recorded in the first half of 2025, according to the Ecuadorian Organized Crime Observatory. This situation presents the country with a significant challenge in ensuring security and stability.